ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA ›› 2018, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (12): 2558-2566.doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2018.12.004

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Roles of microRNA on Mammalian Follicle Development

LI Qin1,2*   

  1. 1. Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing 402460, China;
    2. Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Goose Genetic Improvement, Chongqing 402460, China
  • Received:2018-05-03 Online:2018-12-23 Published:2018-12-23

Abstract:

The mammalian ovary is a dynamic parenchyma organ. The ovarian follicle occurs continually physiological process of recruitment, selection and dominance during mammalian estrous cycle. Ovarian follicle is mainly composed of the oocyte, granulosa layers and theca layer. The follicular development is co-regulated by endocrine factors, autocrine and paracrine communication among the oocyte, granulosa and theca cells. microRNAs (miRNAs) post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression through base pairing with the 3'-untranslated region of target mRNA, leading to either mRNA cleavage or translational repression. miRNAs have been acknowledged to play an important role in ovarian reproduction and endocrinology, including oogenesis and follicular growth, as well as proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation and steroidogenesis of granulosa cells. This review summarized the recent advances in the fields of identification of miRNAs related to the regulation of ovarian function, the role of miRNAs in folliculogenesis, follicle development, as well as proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, steroidogenesis of granulosa cell and theca cell. This review will lay the foundation for understanding the regulatory mechanism of mammalian reproduction based on summing up the role of miRNAs on follicle development.

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